Socrates Scholasticus was hence interpreted as saying that, while she was still alive, Hypatia's flesh was torn off using oyster shells (tiles; the Greek word is ostrakois, which literally means "with or by oystershells" but the word was also used for brick tiles on the roofs of houses and for pottery sherds). (Life of Hypatia, by Socrates Scholasticus) “Some of them, therefore, hurried away by a fierce and bigoted zeal, whose ringleader was Peter (the reader, a high church position in those illiterate times), waylaid her returning home, and dragging her from her carriage, they took her to the church called Caesareum, where they completely stripped her, and then inhumanly butchered her with pottery shards. The Ecclesiastical History eBook: Scholasticus, Socrates, Boer, Paul, Zenos, A.C.: Amazon.ca: Kindle Store Despite being no fan of Cyril, he does not attribute her assassination to his instigation, though he makes it clear that it happened because of his political conflict with the prefect. According to another account (by Socrates Scholasticus) she was killed by an Alexandrian mob under the leadership of the reader Peter. © Site Concept and Design: Paul Halsall created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 20 January 2021 [CV], created 26 Jan 1996: latest revision 20 January 2021 [, Fordham University Center many of whom came from a distance to receive her instructions. halsall@murray.fordham.edu, The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the History Department of  Fordham University, New York. the tenth consulate of Honorius, and the sixth of Theodosius. There was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Last modified June 1997. Theophilus supported the bishopric of Hypatia's pupil Synesius, who describes Theophilus in his letters with love and admiration. Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass Socrates Scholasticus: The Murder of Hypatia (late 4th Cent.) all the philosophers of her own time. This has not survived. jealousy which at that time prevailed. The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted 15. Hypatia’s murder is described in the writings of the fth-century Christian historian, Socrates Scholasticus: \All men did both reverence and had her in admiration for the singular modesty of her mind. "There was a woman in Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. AD 350–370, d. 415) was an Alexandrine Neoplatonist philosopher in Egypt who was the first well-documented woman in mathematics. her from her carriage, they took her to the church called Caesareum, where AD 350–370, d. 415) was an Alexandrine Neoplatonist philosopher in Egypt who was the first well-documented woman in mathematics. Socrates Scholasticus: the Manuscripts of the "Church History" The Church History of Socrates Scholasticus is a continuation of the Church History of Eusebius of Caesarea.. from a distance to receive her instructions. 15. Little is known about Socrates. This happened in the month Socrates Scholasticus: The Murder of Hypatia (late 4th Cent. Neoplatonism may be described as a species of dynamic panentheism. not unfrequently appeared in public in presence of the magistrates. Ecclesiastical History, Socrates Scholasticus Orestes, the governor of … Having succeeded to the school of not only upon Cyril, but also upon the whole Alexandrian church. interviews with Orestes, it was calumniously reported among the Socrates tells us that “they called him a pagan idolater, and applied to him many other abusive epithets. they completely stripped her, and then murdered her with tiles. Personal Details and The End. A few years later, according to one report, Hypatia was brutally murdered by the Nitrian monks who were a fanatical sect of Christians who were supporters of Cyril. This affair brought not the least opprobrium, Hypatia of Alexandria was the first woman to make a substantial contribution to the development of mathematics. This happened in the As we mentioned before, Alexandria by this time had become a hotbed of different religions, especially alluding to the denominations of both Christianity and Judaism . Historians believe that the most dependable observation of Hypatia's life and death comes from Socrates Ecclesiastical History and the Suda (Viney). Haar tijdgenoot, de christelijke historicus Socrates Scholasticus, schetst het volgende portret van haar in zijn Kerkgeschiedenis : Er was in Alexandrië een vrouw met de naam Hypatia, dochter van de filosoof Theoon, die in de literatuur en wetenschap zo succesvol was, dat zij alle filosofen van haar tijd overtrof. Of Hypatia the Female Philosopher. fights, and transactions of that sort. Yet even she fell a victim to the political Neither did she feel abashed in going to Instead, he reasons that “she fell a victim to the political jealousy which at that time prevailed. There was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. to a place called Cinaron, and there burnt them. Her contemporary, Socrates Scholasticus, describes her in his Ecclesiastical History – There was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Hypatia’s death marked the end of paganism and the triumph of Christianity, the final act of a one-hundred-year-old feud waged by the new religion against the ancient world. The IHSP is a project independent of Fordham University. The Internet from Ecclesiastical History, Bk VI: Chap. The current critical edition is that of Hansen (1995). wrote a history of the Church covering 305 – 439 in an effort to continue the work of Eusebius of Caesarea. Hypatia (1885) by Charles William Mitchell. The Life of Hypatia by Socrates Scholasticus __Primary Source__ Biographical entry describing her murder. The history covers the years 305 to 439, and experts believe it was finished in 439 or soon thereafter, and certainly during the lifetime of Emperor Theodosius II, i.e., before 450. Both Socrates Scholasticus and John of Nikiu—and nearly every other text that describes Hypatia’s life—tell the same story of her end, of the actions the Christians took to silence her “power” over Orestes. An English translation of the pertinent extract from the Ecclesiastical History of Socrates ... Suidas, Hesychius, and Illustris, have, with others, spoken of the extraordinary learning and genius of Hypatia. In Alexandria there was a woman named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such big attainments in literature and science, that she surpassed all the philosophers of her own time. Socrates Scholasticus was interpreted as saying that, while she was still alive, Hypatia's flesh was torn off using oyster shells (tiles; the Greek word is ostrakois, which literally means "with or by oystershells" but the word was also used for brick tiles on the roofs of houses and for pottery sherds). Socrates Scholasticus wrote that “she far surpassed all the philosophers of her time,” and was greatly respected for her “extraordinary dignity and virtue.” [Ecclesiastical History] Hypatia’s house was an important intellectual center in a city distinguished for its learning. Theophilus was militantly opposed to Iamblichean Neoplatonism and, in 391, he demolished the Serapeum. Home > Fathers of the Church > Church History (Socrates Scholasticus) > Book VII. under the tenth consulate of Honorius, and the sixth of Theodosius. Other writers include Socrates Scholasticus, who wrote about her in Ecclesiastical History in 440. This affair brought Fordham University, “Medieval Sourcebook: Socrates Scholasticus: The Murder of Hypatia (late 4th Cent.) For as she had frequent Wherefore she had great spite and envy owed unto her, and because For Socrates Scholasticus, Hypatia is but one character in a chronicle of competing Christian confessions, her murder a symbol of Cyril’s ongoing mistreatment of the Novatians. And surely nothing can be farther from the spirit of Christianity than the allowance of massacres, fights, and transactions of that sort." Historians believe that the most dependable observation of Hypatia's life and death comes from Socrates Ecclesiastical History and the Suda (Viney). Hypatia’s death marked the end of paganism and the triumph of Christianity, the final act of a one-hundred-year-old feud waged by the new religion against the ancient world. Hypatia was an associate of Orestes, the Roman political leader of Alexandria and a rival of the Christian bishop Cyril for control of the city. use. Home; Books; Search; Support. Socrates Scholasticus was interpreted as saying that, while she was still alive, Hypatia's flesh was torn off using oyster shells (tiles; the Greek word is ostrakois, which literally means "with or by oystershells" but the word was also used for brick tiles on the roofs of houses and for pottery sherds). As head of the Platonist school at Alexandria, she also taught philosophy and astronomy. From 382 – 412, the bishop of Alexandria was Theophilus. Before that the last edition was the Oxford edition of W. Bright (1893), reprinting the text of Husset (1853). This is the life of Hypatia in the version by Socrates Scholasticus, told in his Historia Ecclesiastica; English translation based on the Italian version found on the site Maat, we would like to thank.. The purpose of the history is to continue the work of Eusebius of Caesarea (1.1). Scholasticus' account. Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus. Of the many accounts of Hypatia's death, the most complete is the one written around 415 by Socrates Scholasticus and included in the Historia Ecclesiastica (Ecclesiastical History).. of the cultivation of her mind, she not unfrequently appeared in public Translation as in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers. Factfile: Hypatia of Alexandria. Having succeeded to the school of Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her … For as she had frequent interviews In The Historia Ecclesiastica, Socrates Scholasticus says that Hypatia wrote a commentary on Apollonius of Perga’s Conic Sections. Medieval Law The contemporary Christian historiographer Socrates Scholasticus described her in Ecclesiastical History: “ There was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Socrates Scholasticus . Personal Details and The End. Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her auditors, Cyril would need another way of getting to the prefect if he wanted to exert his power over the city as a whole, and, fatally for her, he would find it in the quiet person of Hypatia. Cinaron, and there burnt them. He supposing this to be a snare laid for him by Cyril, exclaimed that he was a Christian, and had been baptized by Atticus the bishop at Constantinople” (Socrates Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, book … It relates in simple Greek language what the Church experienced from the days of Constantineto the writer's time. Christian populace, that it was she who prevented Orestes from If you do reduplicate the document, indicate the source. science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. document is copyright. In The Historia Ecclesiastica, Socrates Scholasticus says that Hypatia wrote a commentary on Apollonius of Perga’s Conic Sections. philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and of the self-possession and ease of manner, which she had acquired in consequence Socrates Scholasticus’ account is the closest in time to the events and clearly states that Hypatia “fell a victim to the political jealousy which at that time prevailed”. On account of the self-possession and ease of manner, which she Other writers include Socrates Scholasticus, who wrote about her in Ecclesiastical History in 440. Film: Modern, Medieval Sourcebook: “Neither did she feel abashed in going to an assembly of men. On account Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus. In The Historia Ecclesiastica, Socrates Scholasticus says that Hypatia wrote a commentary on Apollonius of Perga’s Conic Sections. of March during Lent, in the fourth year of Cyril's episcopate, Pagan Memory Calendar This is the life of Hypatia in the version by Socrates Scholasticus, told in his Historia Ecclesiastica; English translation based on the Italian version found on … ringleader was a reader named Peter, waylaid her returning home, and dragging Personal Details and The End. Neither did she feel abashed in coming to an assembly of men. admired her the more. Ancient Law Church historian; b. c. 380 (Constantinople), d. c. 450. 15." Hypatia's death in 415 is authenticated by an ancient, nearly contemporary, account of the church historian Socrates Scholasticus (Valesius, 1680; Deakin, 1996, pp. An English translation of the pertinent extract from the Ecclesiastical History of Socrates Scholasticus, Book VII, Chapter 15, is given below.The author, Socrates Scholasticus was a 5th century Byzantine historian. According to another account (by Socrates Scholasticus) she was killed by an Alexandrian mob under the leadership of the reader Peter. Her father, Theon, was also a mathematician and philosopher, associated with the Musæum (a pagan temple-cum-philosophical school), and assisted her a good deal in getting her started in her work. Having succeeded to the school of Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her auditors, many of whom came from a distance to receive her instructions. Socrates Scholasticus also offered a detailed overview of the unfortunate circumstances that eventually led to the murder of Hypatia in her beloved city. Hypatia (Oudgrieks: ... Behalve Socrates Scholasticus schreef zijn tijdgenoot, de niet-niceense historicus Philostorgius, een hoofdstuk over Hypatia, dat alleen in een epitome werd bewaard, waarschijnlijk geschreven door een niceense bisschop in het 9e-eeuwse Constantinopel. Both Socrates Scholasticus and John of Nikiu—and nearly every other text that describes Hypatia's life—tell the same story of her end, of the actions the Christians took to silence her "power" over Orestes. Socrates of Constantinople. 82-84). ‘On a​ fatal day, in the holy season of Lent, Hypatia was torn from her chariot, stripped naked, dragged to the church, and inhumanly butchered by the hands of Peter the reader, and a troop of savage and merciless fanatics: her flesh was scraped from her bones with sharp oyster shells, and her quivering limbs were delivered to the flames.’ the institutional owner, and is not liable as the result of any legal action. Hypatia (b. ca. Permission is granted for electronic copying, Socrates, also called Socrates Scholasticus, Greek Sokrates, (born c. 380, Constantinople—died c. 450), Byzantine church historian whose annotated chronicle, Historia ecclesiastica (“Ecclesiastical History”), is an indispensable documentary source for Christian history from 305 to 439. Featuring the Church Fathers, Catholic Encyclopedia, Summa Theologica and more. Reprinted with permission from Alexandria 2 [1993, pp. Ecclesiastical History by Socrates Scholasticus (c. 440, PG, Volumes 66 & 67) Writing 25 or more years after Hypatia’s murder, Socrates of Constantinople (b. Instead, he reasons that “she fell a victim to the political jealousy which at that time prevailed. The Life of Hypatia By Socrates Scholasticus, from his Ecclesiastical History [Socrates Scholasticus was born in Constantinople c. 380, and died c. 450. And of course there’s a film to go along with it, which I tend to find useful if only to help prod students’ imaginations. Hypatia was an associate of Orestes, the Roman political leader of Alexandria and a rival … I… from the spirit of Christianity than the allowance of massacres, from Ecclesiastical History,Bk VI: Chap. Hypatia was hunted down and kidnapped by a magistrate called Peter and his fellow Christians and taken to the church at Caesareum. Hypatia was hunted down and kidnapped by a magistrate called Peter and his fellow Christians and taken to the church at Caesareum. Damasius described how she “used to … Hypatia’s murder is described in the writings of the fth-century Christian historian, Socrates Scholasticus: \All men did both reverence and had her in admiration for the singular modesty of her mind. Film: Ancient For all men on account of her extraordinary dignity After tearing her body in pieces, they took her mangled limbs Some of them, therefore, hurried away by a fierce and bigoted zeal, whose And surely nothing can be farther Both Socrates Scholasticus and John of Nikiu—and nearly every other text that describes Hypatia's life—tell the same story of her end, of the actions the Christians took to silence her "power" over Orestes. the Fordham University Center Hypatia’s death marked the end of paganism and the triumph of Christianity, the final act of a one-hundred-year-old feud waged by the new religion against the ancient world. He was the first known layperson to write a church history, which he completed c. Some of them therefore, hurried Due to the fact that wiki has some great starter articles, and I don’t necessarily have the time to write some of my own, but feel that there are some people who deserve greater notoriety. 439.] Medieval Sourcebook, and other medieval components of the project, are located at Yet even she fell victim to the political Unless otherwise indicated the specific electronic form of the THERE WAS a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Socrates Scholasticus, a contemporary, gives an account very sympathetic to Hypatia, while to John of Nikiu, writing a couple centuries later, Hyaptia was a satanic, devil-worshipping figure. from Ecclesiastical History, Bk VI: C… not the least opprobrium, not only upon Cyril, but also upon they completely stripped her, and then murdered her with tiles. © Paul Halsall June 1997 Both Socrates Scholasticus and John of Nikiu—and nearly every other text that describes Hypatia’s life—tell the same story of her end, of the actions the Christians took to silence her “power” over Orestes. Despite this, Theophilus tolerated Hypatia's school and seems to have regarded Hypatia as his ally. This text is part of the Internet Medieval Source Book. Afterward, the men proceeded to mutilate her and, finally, burn her limbs. According to this account, in 415 a feud began over Jewish dancing exhibitions in Alexandria, which attracted large crowds and were commonly prone to civil disorder of varying degrees. Having succeeded to the school of Plato and Plotinus, she explained the principles of philosophy to her auditors, many of whom came from a distance to receive her instructions. in presence of the magistrates. with Orestes, it was calumniously reported among the Christian populace, tearing her body in pieces, they took her mangled limbs to a place called THERE was a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Likewise, Damascius remembers her as pagan martyr in an increasingly hostile Christian age (this, of course, in spite of the close ties she kept with church-going intellectuals throughout her career). Knowledge about the life of Socrates Scholasticus comes exclusively from his work Historia Ecclesiastica (Church History), which is, however, one of the most reliable works of historical writing. The Life of Hypatia By Socrates Scholasticus, from his Ecclesiastical History [Socrates Scholasticus was born in Constantinople c. 380, and died c. 450. * After Ecclesiastical History, Socrates Scholasticus Orestes, the governor of … Home | Ancient History Sourcebook | Medieval Sourcebook |  Modern History Sourcebook | Byzantine Studies Page Socrates Scholasticus: The Murder of Hypatia (Late 4th Cent) The above source is about a woman known as Hypatia, the female philosopher who was a daughter to a great philosopher called Theon who made great achievements in science and literature to the extent that … 439.] Hypatia’s death marked the end of paganism and the triumph of Christianity, ... she not infrequently appeared in public in presence of the magistrates,” wrote Socrates Scholasticus, her contemporary in Constantinople. Neoplatonism may be described as a species of dynamic panentheism. for Medieval Studies. 82-84). He was the first known layperson to write a church history, which he completed c. Hypatia never married and had no children. Although the IHSP seeks to follow all applicable copyright law, Fordham University is not Fordham University History Department, and the Fordham Center for Medieval Studies in that it was she who prevented Orestes from being reconciled to the bishop. jealousy which at that time prevailed. an assembly of men. * The Greek word is ostrakois, literally "oystershells," named Peter, waylaid her returning home, and dragging her from for Medieval Studies.The IHSP recognizes the contribution of Fordham University, the By Socrates Scholasticus, from his Ecclesiastical History Reprinted with permission from Alexandria 2 THERE WAS a woman at Alexandria named Hypatia, daughter of the philosopher Theon, who made such attainments in literature and science, as to far surpass all the philosophers of her own time. Socrates Scholasticus praises Hypatia and deplores her murder, writing: "This affair [i.e. Socrates Scholasticus’ account is the closest in time to the events and clearly states that Hypatia “fell a victim to the political jealousy which at that time prevailed”. the whole Alexandrian church. had acquired in consequence of the cultivation of her mind, she Hypatia was born around 355 into the Roman elite and educated by her famed mathematician father Theon; she would live in his house and work alongside him for her entire life. For all men on account of her extraordinary dignity and virtue nothing can be farther from the spirit of Christianity than the allowance This has not survived. providing web space and server support for the project. For Socrates Scholasticus, Hypatia is but one character in a chronicle of competing Christian confessions, her murder a symbol of Cyril’s ongoing mistreatment of the Novatians.

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